49th G-7 Summit

24.05.23

49th G-7 Summit  ,  RACE IAS : Best IAS Coaching in Lucknow ,  Daily Current Affairs 

Mains Examination: General Studies 2

(International Relations)

In News:

• Recently, the 49th G7 Summit concluded in Hiroshima city of Japan.
• Along with this, the Quad Group Conference of America, India, Australia and Japan also concluded in Hiroshima.
• The Quad group meeting was earlier proposed in Australia, but US President Joe Biden expressed his inability to attend the Quad meeting due to the domestic debt crisis.

About G7 Group:

• The summit is an international forum held annually for the Heads of State of France, USA, UK, Germany, Japan, Italy and Canada.
• This group mainly refers to the group of highly industrialized countries.
• This group was formed in the year 1975. Canada joined the group in the year 1976.
• Currently the collective economy of G-7 countries is more than US$ 300 trillion which is about 58% to 60% of the total global wealth.
• The European Union is also represented in the G7 summit.
• 3 countries of this group are also members of the United Nations Security Council.
• When Russia joined this group in the year 1997, then this group was known as G-8, but in the year 2014, due to Russia's exit due to the Crimean dispute, this group again changed to G-7.
• All the countries of this group are strong in economic, technical and military capability at the global and regional level.
• This group is working on global level on financial crisis, terrorism, arms control and drug trafficking etc.
• There is no fixed headquarter of this group and the chairmanship of this group is done by each member country in rotation.

Resolution passed by the G-7 group in the 49th summit:

• In this summit, G-7 has made every major problem of the world a part of its future action plan.
• Oppose the illegal war imposed on Ukraine by Russia,
• to support Ukraine in every possible way,
• Strive for disarmament and non-proliferation to achieve the ultimate goal of a world free of nuclear weapons for universal security,
• Coordinating the group's thought proposal for economic liberalization and security,
• To promote cooperation between the member countries of the grouping and the cooperation of external countries in the clean energy economies of the future,
• Launching action plans with partner countries for conducive global food security,
• Achieving a target of mobilizing $600 billion in quality infrastructure financing through the Partnership for Global Infrastructure Investments,
• promoting a vigorous and favorable global economic recovery,
• Working together to maintain financial stability and promote livelihoods and sustainable development,
• Reducing poverty and finding solutions to climate and natural crises,
• Accelerating the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals,
• Developing Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs),
• Enhancing our partnership with African countries and supporting greater African representation in multilateral fora,
• Accelerate decarbonization of the energy sector and focus on renewable energy adoption,
• Ending plastic-borne pollution and making Earth safer by protecting the oceans, increased cooperation through 'New Country Packages' for forests, nature and climate.
• Investing in the global health sector through vaccine manufacturing capacity around the world, creating a pandemic fund, preparing future international contracts for pandemic prevention, achieving the goal of Universal Health Security (UHC) and resolved to increase cooperation on international migration.
• Also to achieve its common vision and goal of strengthening efforts against human trafficking, establishing inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) governance, credibility of AI in accordance with well-known democratic values, In this regard, the emphasis is on establishing advanced international dialogue in the context of mutual operations.
• Prohibition of territorial acquisitions and attempts to unilaterally occupy and change the status of territories by force anywhere in the world, promote universal human rights, gender equality and human dignity, reiterating the importance of multilateralism, including the role of the United Nations in promoting peace, stability and prosperity, and international cooperation, to strengthen the rules-based multilateral trading system and to keep pace with the development of digital technologies.

G7 and India:

• In this conference, the Prime Minister of India put forth a ten-point action plan:
• Emphasized the need to focus on the world's most marginalized people by creating an inclusive food system.
• In this ten-point action plan, reducing food waste, depoliticizing the global fertilizer supply chain, coarse grains, promoting holistic healthcare, strengthening digital healthcare and points like preparing international development model according to the needs of developing countries are included.
• With this, India can prove its big role at the international level. Significantly, India is moving towards becoming the fourth largest economy of the world. Since the start of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022, it has overtaken Saudi Arabia to become the largest exporter of refined petroleum oil. India's efforts to stabilize the domestic economy, end state corruption and become a stable, transparent, legitimate and inclusive economy on the basis of humanity in the world are having an impact on all the countries of the world.

To what extent was this summit successful?

• Like the previous summits, this G7 summit was just a formality.In fact, such conferences have always failed to implement their collective objectives on the ground. The biggest reason behind this is that the member countries of the Group of Seven come together to fulfill collective resolutions, but the heads of the member countries in the conference have personal interest only in serving their own interests.
• Then the countries which are guilty of universal, universal problems, the member countries of the group also have bilateral commercial, economic, strategic and diplomatic relations. That's why the countries of the group are never able to collectively take strong international action against the countries responsible for the problems. This is how time keeps passing and national-international
• G-7 countries are affected by China and Russia in one way or the other and that's why every year in their collective resolutions of G-7, there is also a proposal to impose one or the other international sanctions against China and Russia directly or indirectly. On the contrary, developing countries are neutral, which stand in support of the same country of the world, from which they get economic or other kind of assistance.problems become more and more absurd.
• China and Russia also emerge as such helpers. Under these circumstances, countries like India and Australia, which are a few steps away from being developed, can prove to be great supporters or opponents for countries divided into several factions and groups. That's why be it G-7, Quad or G-20, India's role has become important everywhere for the last nine and a half years.
• China and Russia were not included in G-7 and Quad, but they will be present in G-20. That's why another scenario will be seen in G-20. The countries which are opposing China's monopoly in the Indo-Pacific region without naming China in the G-7, the same countries will be seen holding bilateral talks with it outside the G-20.

Conclusion:

• In the future, the G-7 strives with international partners to build a world that is human-centred, inclusive and friendly, leaving no one behind.

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